ali: acer lab(宏棋实验室)
asf: applied science fiction
amd: advanced micro device(超微半导体)
ami: american megatrends incorporated
ear(extreme audio reality)
hp: hewlett-packard，美国惠普公司
ibm: international business machine，国际商业机器
idg(international data group，国际数据集团)
ims: international meta system
mle：microsoft learning and entertainment，微软教学与娱乐公司
ms(microsoft，微软)
nai: network associates incorporation，前身为mcafee。
ns(national semiconductor，国家半导体)
pmi: pacific magtron international
sce(sony computer entertainment，索尼计算机娱乐部)
sgi：silicon graphics
sis: silicon integrated systems，硅片综合系统公司
umc(united microelectronics corporation，台湾联华电子公司，半导体制造商)
wd(western digital，西部数据)
zd(ziff-davis出版公司)
组织
cbf: cable broadband forum，电缆宽带论坛
cema(consumer electronics manufacturing association(消费者电子制造业协会)
cpe: customer premise equipment(用户预定设备)
csa: canadian standards association(加拿大标准协会)
dca: defense communication agency，国防部通信局
doj: department of justice(反不正当竞争部门)
dsp: delivery service partner(交付服务合伙人)
dvb：digital video broadcasting，数字视频广播
e3：electronic entertainment expo，电子娱乐展览会
eff: electronic frontier foundation(电子前线基金会)
epa(environmental protection agency，美国环境保护局)
fcc: federal communications commission(联邦通信委员会)
ftc: federal trade commission，联邦商业委员会
gdc(game developer conference，游戏发展商会议)
isscc(international solid-state circuits conference，国际晶体管电路讨论会)
icsa: international computer security association(国际计算机安全协会),它的前身为ncsa(national computer security association,国家计算机安全协会)
ieee(institute of electrical and electronics engineers，电子电路工程师协会)
ifwp: international forum white paper，国际白皮书论坛
iso/mpeg: international standard organization's moving picture expert group(国际标准化组织的活动图片专家组)
itaa: information technology association of american，美国信息技术协会
mac(mobile advisory council)
mcsp: microsoft certified solution providers，微软认证解决方案供应商
mjpeg(motion joint photographic experts group，移动式连续图像专家组)
mma: midi manufacturer association(midi制造商联盟)
ncta: national cable television association，美国电缆电视协会
nia: networking interoperatility alliance(网络互操作联盟)
nbitd(national board for industrual and technical development，瑞典国立工业和技术发展委员会制订)
oaaf：open arcade architecture forum，开放式arcade体系论坛
oem(original equipment manufacturer，原始设备制造商)
oif: optical internetworking forum，光纤互连网络论坛
riaa(recording industry association of america，美国唱片工业协会)
rio: redistributed internet object(因特网分配组织)
sia(the semiconductor industries association，半导体工业协会)
spa: software publishers association，软件出版商协会
tsowu(the swedish office worker's union，瑞典办公人员联合会，以制订tco标准著称)
uawg: universal adsl working group(通用adsl工作组)
ucaid:university corporation for advanced internet development
ul: underwriters laboratories inc.(新产品承诺实验室)
var: value added resellers(增值分销商)
w3c(world wide web consortium，万维网协会)
whql(microsoft windows hardware quality lab，微软公司视窗硬件质量实验室)
winhec: windows hardware engineering conference，视窗硬件工程会议
