In recent years，scientific and technological developments have drastically changed human life on our planet，as well as our views both of ourselves as individuals in society and of the universe as a whole．Maybe one of the most profound developments of the last decade is the discovery of recombinant DNA technology，which allows scientists to introduce genetic material（or genes）from one organism into another．In its simplest form，the technology requires the isolation of a piece of DNA，either directly from the DNA of the organism under study，or artificially synthesized from an DNA template，by using a vital enzyme called reverse transcriptase．This piece of DNA is then ligated to a fragment of bacterial DNA which has the capacity to replicate itself independently．The recombinant molecule thus produced can be introduced into the common intestinal bacterium Escherishchia coli，which can be grown in very large amount in synthetic media．Under proper conditions，the foreign gene will not only replicate in the bacteria，but also express itself，through the process of transcription and translation，to give rise to large amounts of the specific protein coded by the foreign gene．
The technology has already been successfully applied to the production of several therapeutically important biomolecules，such as insulin（胰岛素），interferon（干扰素），and growth hormones．Many other important applications are under detailed investigation in laboratories throughout the world．
1．Recombinant DNA technology consists primarily of _________．
A）producing several therapeutically important biomolecules
B）giving rise to large amounts of protein
C）introducing genetic material from one organism into another
D）using a vital enzyme called reverse transcriptase
2．Recombinant DNA technology has been used in the production of all of the following biomolecules except________．
A）growth hormones B）interferon
C）Escherishchia coli D）insulin
3．Which of the following is NOT true？
A）The foreign gene will replicate in the bacteria，but it will not express itself through transcription and translation．
B）The bacterium Escherishchia coli can be grown in large amounts in synthetic media．
C）Research continues in an effort to find other uses for this technology．
D）Recombinant DNA technology is a recent development．
4．Expression of a gene in Escherishchia coli requires ________．
A）the vital enzyme reverse transcriptase
B）the processes of transcription and translation
C）production of insulin and other biomolecules
D）that the bacteria be grown in a synthetic media
5．The term recombinant is used because________．
A）by ligation，a recombinant molecule is produced，which has the capacity of replication
B）the technique requires the combination of several types of technology
C）by ligation，a recombinant protein is produced，part of whose amino acids come from each different organism
D）Escherishchia coli is a recombinant organism
6．Translate the first sentence of the passage into Chinese．
参考答案：CBABA
翻译：近年来，科学和技术的发展急剧地改变了我们这个星球上人类的生活，也改变了我们对作为社会中个人的自身认识和对作为一个整体的宇宙的认识。
