语序问题在初中英语教材没有专门的章节论述,只零散地分散在教材中,因而复习时易被忽略。然而纵观近年全国中考,对语序的考查却是各省、市中考命题的热点。现结合2002年全国中考对语序的考查做一简单归纳分析,供同学们复习时参考。
1.[考题]There is ________ in today's newspaper.
A.nothing new B.anything new
C.new anything D.new something(2002黑龙江哈尔滨)
分析:形容词修饰不定代词something,anything,nothing时要置其后。根据题意知A为正确答案。
2.[考题]Do you want ________ ?
A.else things B.anything else C.other something(2002四川内江)
分析:else常置于疑问代词(who,what,whose)、疑问副词(where,how,why)、不定代词(something,everything)等之后。故选B。
3.[考题]Do you know ________ after school every day?
A.what does he do B.he does what
C.what he does D.does he do what(2002北京石景山)
分析:在宾语从句中应该使用陈述句语序。故选C。
4.[考题]Don't worry,sir.I'm sure I can run ________ to catch up with them.
A.slowly enough B.enough slowly
C.fast enough D.enough fast(2002大连)
分析:enough修饰形容词或其它副词时一般放在被修饰词之后。根据题意选C。
5.[考题]He can swim in the river,and ________ .
A.so do I B.so am I
C.so can I D.I do,too(2002四川眉山)
分析:表示上述情况也适用于另一个人时用“so+be/助动词/情态动词+主语”;若表示对上述情况的强调,则用“so+主语+be/助动词/情态动词”。根据题意应选C。注意neither,nor也适用于以上两种句型,但涵义是否定的。
6.[考题]This is ________ book.You had better read it.
A.so good B.so a good
C.such a good D.such good(2002兰州)
分析:so和such都可用于“形容词+单数名词”之前,但位置不同:用so的词序为“so+形容词+a(an)+单数名词”;用such的词序为“such a(an)+形容词+单数名词”。故选C。
7.[考题]The ticket is on the floor.Would you please ________ for me?
A.pick it up B.pick up it
C.pick up them D.pick them up(2002山西)
分析:“动词+副词”短语后跟名词作宾语时,名词可放在副词前或后;跟代词作宾语时,代词须放在副词之前。故选A。
8.[考题]Look!There's ________ ice on the lake.
A.too much B.much too
C.too many D.too(2002十堰)
分析:英语中有的词组,由于词序不同,其涵义大不一样。题中的too much意为“太多”,常修饰不可数名词;而much too意为“太”,修饰形容词或副词。根据题意选A。教材中类似的还有:long before很久以前,before long不久以后;short for……的缩写,for short简称;good for对……有益(好处),for good永远地,等等。