如果句子包含有两个或更多互不依从的主谓结构,就是并列句。并列句中的分句通常用一个并列连词来连接,其中的各分句意义同等重要,联系密切,无从属关系。使用时要特别注意其连词特性。
1.由and,not only...but(also)...,neither,nor,neither...nor...等词连接的并列句,在意义上主要对前一句作补充或引伸,包括肯定和否定两方面意义。
1)and连接并列句表示意义的增补、动作的先后、条件和结果等。例如:
One day John was late,and his teacher was angry.
The car broke down halfway,and they had to stay in a small inn for the night.
Think it over,and you'll find a way out.
2)not only...but(also)...表示"不但……而且",重点强调的是后一部分。例如:
Not only is he himself interested in the subject,but also his students began to show interest in it.
Not only is your answer right,but mine also is.
3)neither...nor...,nor,neither等表示否定意义的引伸,放在句首要倒装。例如:
Neither does he work hard,nor does his brother.Mr. Wang doesn't smoke,neither/nor does Li Ping.
2.or,either...or...连接并列句表示选择意义。
1)or常表示选择、换个说法、否定条件等意义。例如:
The children can go with us,or they can stay in.(选择)
The workers were cheerful,or at least they appeared to be cheerful.(换个说法)
Be careful,or you will break your neck.(否定条件。)
注意:or用于表示否定条件时,可以和else连用,或换成otherwise。例如:
Hurry up,or else/otherwise/or you will be late.
2)either...or...连接句子时,选择意义比or强。例如:
Either you are mad,or I am.
You either behave yourself,or you will never go out with me.
