5)in,to和on在方位名词前的区别:
in表示在某范围之内;to表示在某范围之外的地方;on表示"毗邻"、"接壤"。例如:
Fujian lies in the south of China.
Fujian lies to the south of Jiangsu Province.
Mongolia lies on the north of China.
6)above,over和on的区别:
这三个词都有"在……上"的意思,其区别如下:above:"在……之上";"高于……"(表示相对高度,不一定在正上方),其反意词是below。over:"在……之上"(表示垂直之上),其反意词是under。on:"在……之上"(表示与表面接触)。例如:
A bird is flying above the wood.
He keeps his head above water.
There is a lamp over our heads.(指头顶上方)
He put a map on the desk.
7)for/of在"It is+adj.+of/for+sb.+to不定式"句型中的用法区别:
一般地,当作表语的形容词既表示不定式的行为性质,又说明行为者的品质特征,则用of。这类形容词有good,nice,kind,friendly,clever,wise,right,wrong,fool-ish,silly,cruel等。例如:
It's wise of our Party to make the decision of reform and opening up.I
t's very foolish of you to give up such a good chance.
这类形容词可与不定式的行为主语构成"主+系+表"结构,如由上述第一例可得Our party is wise.。当句中的形容词不表示行为者品质特征,而只说明不定式的性质、特点时,用for;这时的主语与该形容词不能构成"主+系+表"关系。例如:
In ancient times,it was very difficult for people to explain the phenoeon of the sun's rising and setting.
这类形容词包括hard,difficult,easy,impossible,necessary,important等。
