2000北京试题解析——词汇和语法

　21. Mary reGREtted _____ to John’s birthday party last Sunday.
　　A. not going
　　B. not to go
　　C. not having been going
　　D. not to be going
　　答案：A。regret后面要跟动名词做宾语，动名词的否定式是在动名词之前直接加not。
　　22. The famous novel is said _____ into Chinese.
　　A. to have translated
　　B. to be translate
　　C. to have been translated
　　D. to translate
　　答案：C。本句是动词不定式的完成、被动式。当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式表示的动作的对象时（或是动作的承受者时），不定式一般要用被动式。不定式的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动作或状态之前。如：He is not likely to have been told the result.这个结果可能还没有告诉他。
　　23. Standing on the bank, the children watched the ship _____ with all kinds of goods.
　　A. loading
　　B. being loaded
　　C. to be loaded
　　D. having loaded
　　答案：B。本句为现在分词的被动做watch 的宾语补足语。因为宾语和宾补是动宾关系，而且表示动作正在进行，所以用现在分词的被动式；watch 也可以跟无to不定式做宾补，表示动作已经结束。Do you hear someone calling you? 你听见有人叫你吗？（现在分词做宾补，表示动作正在进行。）Yes, I did. I heard him call me several times.是的，我听见他叫了我几次了。（不定式做宾补，表示动作已经结束）。
　　24. I _____ writing the article by the time you get back.
　　A. shall finish
　　B. must have finished
　　C. have finished
　　D. shall have finished
　　答案：D。本句为将来完成时。表示在将来的某一时刻或将来的某一时刻之前已完成，这一动作可以继续下去。When you come again in July we shall have moved into a new house.七月份你们再来的时候，我们就搬进新房子里去了。I shall have done it by the end of this week.我要在周末做完它。本句的意思是“我要在你回来之前写完这篇文章”。
　　25. Mary never tells anyone what she does for a _____.
　　A. job
　　B. work
　　C. profession
　　D. living
　　答案：D。living ：生计。make (earn) a living 谋生，生计。
??26. I’m sorry I couldn’t get in touch with him before he left, I _____ him earlier.
　　A. had a telephone
　　B. have phoned
　　C. should have phoned
　　D. should be phoned
　　答案：C。should（ought to）+have+过去分词：表示对过去动作的责备、批评。You should have gone over your lessons.你们应把功课复习好。You shouldn’t have watched TV last night.你们昨天晚上不应该看电视。
　　27. With the old man _____ the way, we had no trouble in finding that mysterious cave.
　　A. leading
　　B. led
　　C. lead
　　D. to be led
　　答案：A。介词with可以跟复合宾语。表示伴随的情况和结果。stand with one’s hands in one’s pockets.两手插在口袋里站着。The king came in, with all his servants following after him.国王回来了，后面跟着全体仆役。There had been a riot with twenty injured.曾经发生了一场有20人受伤的暴乱。
　　28. _____ anything about the accident, he went to work as well.
　　A. Not know
　　B. Know not
　　C. Knowing not
　　D. Not knowing
　　答案：D。本句为分词短语的否定式做状语。
　　29. Nowhere else in the world _____ more attractive scenery than in Switzerland.
　　A. you can find
　　B. is found
　　C. can you find
　　D. has been found
　　答案：C。否定词nowhere放在句首，句子倒装：否定词＋助动词（be动词）+主语。常放在句首的否定词有：nowhere （没有地方），never（从不），hardly, scarcely（几乎不），little（几乎没有）等。Barely does he have enough money to live on.他几乎没有足够的钱为生。Little did I think that I would lose the game.我根本没有想到我会输掉这场比赛。
　　30. The voters told the politician that he could _____ on their support in the next general elections.
　　A. expect
　　B. decide
　　C. count
　　D. doubt
　　答案：C。count on（upon）：依靠，指望。You can count on me for everything in the future .你将来的一切可以全靠我。You can’t count on the weather being fine. 你不能指望天晴。本句的意思“选民们对这位政客说他在明年的大选中依靠他们”。其余的选项意思都不正确。