有些副词有两种形式:一是与形容词同形,二是在形容词之后加ly 。这两种形式,有些意义不同,有些是搭配不同,有些是习惯问题。
1. clean 和cleanly:
clean是“完全地、彻底地”(completely)。例:
I clean forgot it. 我全忘了。
The bullet went clean through his shoulder.子弹从他的肩膀穿了过去。
cleanly 较少使用,是“清洁地、利索地”之意。例(in a clean man-ner）:
He was cleanly dressed. 他穿着整洁。
He caught the ball cleanly. 他很利索地抓住了球。
2.clear和clearly:
clear 是“离开”(away from,out of the way ）。例:
He jumped clear. 他跳离开了。
clear 与clearly作“清楚地”(in a clear manner）讲时同义。例:
The professor spoke loud（ly） and clear（ly）. 教授讲话声音洪大而清晰。
但是,有修饰语时,通常用clearly。例:
He explained it so clearly that I could understand every detail. 他把它解释得很清楚,每一个细节我都明白了。
Can you see very clearly from here? 你在这里看得清楚吗?
此外,clear 还作“完全”(completely）讲。例:
The prisoner got clear away. 囚犯逃得无影无踪。
clearly 则作“毫无疑问地、明显地”(undoubtedly， obviously)讲。例:
That's clearly a mistake. 毫无疑问,那是一个错误。
Clearly， he's a very stupid person. 很明显,他非常愚蠢。
3.close和closely:
close指“距离近”(physical near),它除了修饰动词外,也修饰别的状语。例:
Come closer!走近点!
He held her close.他把她搂得很近。
They kept close together. 他们互相靠得很近。
closely常常指“小心地”(carefully),有时也指“十分,很”(much， very)。例:
The prisoners were closely guarded by the wardens.囚犯被警卫人员小心地看管起来。
We studied the text very closely. 我们非常认真地学习了课文。
They are closely similar.它们非常相似。
4. dear 和dearly:
dear主要与buy， sell， cost， pay连用。例:
Buy cheap and sell dear.贱买贵卖。
This will cost you dear. 这要你花很多钱。
dearly 总是用于抽象意义;在分词之前,与love连用时,也总是用dearly。例:
He paid dear(ly) for his mistake.他为自己的错误付出了昂贵的代价。
All this， he felt， was dearly bought experience. 他感到这一切是花了巨大的代价得来的经验。
He loved his country dearly.他从心底热爱他的祖国。
5.deep和deeply:
deep是to a GREat depth，指空间的深度,例:sink deep （沉得深), dig deep(挖得深)。
They walked deep into the forest.他们走进密林深处。
也用于指时间(late)。例:
He often works deep into the night. 他常常工作到深夜。
deeply 意为“大大地”、“非常”,用于比喻意义。例:
I'll miss her deeply. 我会很怀念她的。
He sighed deeply. 他深深地叹气。
He was deeply mourned.人们深深地哀悼他。
deeply也可修饰别的形容词:
They are deeply religious. 他们非常虔诚。
也可用在别的状语之前:
We should go more deeply into this matter. 我们应该更深入地调查此事。
