问时间或日期和应答
询问时间或日期时,要遵循英语的表达习惯和规律,注意不要受汉语习惯的影响。
I.Daily Expressions in Communication(日常交际用语)
a.What day is(it)today?今天星期几?
What's the date today?今天是几月几号?
What time is it?几点了?
What's the time,please?请问几点钟了?
b.It's Monday /Tuesday,etc.今天是星期一/二等。
It's January 10th.今天是一月十日。
It's five o'clock /half past five /a quarter to five /five thirty,etc.
现在是五点/五点半/五点差一刻/五点三十分,等等。
It's time for....到……的时候了。
II.Conversations(会话实例)
A
Li Jun:Jack,what day is it today①?
Jack:Why,it's Tuesday②.
Li Jun:Oh,yes.You w ere on duty yesterday.It's my turn today.I must go to the classroom earlier.
Jack:Have you got ready for your duty report?
Li Jun:Not yet.You see③,we played basketball yesterday afternoon.And
I was busy with my homework yesterday evening.I had no time
to get ready for it at all.
Jack:Then you'd better hurry.Our first class is English.
Li Jun:What's the time now④?
Jack:It's 7:30⑤.
Li Jun:Oh,I must go now .See you later.
Jack:See you.
B
Alice:What's the date today⑥,Wang Yan?
Wang Yan:I've no idea.Let m e have a look at the calendar.Oh,it's Friday,December 20th⑦.
Alice:Then Christmas Day is in 5days'time⑧.
Wang Yan:Right.Come to our party then.
Alice:Sure.Thanks a lot.
C
Ma Lin:What time is it by your watch,Sam?
Sam:It's6:30.
Ma Lin:I'm afraid we'll be late for the party.
Sam:Let's hurry up then.Haven't you got your watch with you?
Ma Lin:No.There's something wrong with it⑨.
Sam:You'd better have it repaired⑩.
D
Wang Hai:What's the time,John?My watch has stopped.I forgot to wind it last night.
John:Sorry,I don't have my watch with me.I left it at home.
Wang Hai:That's OK.I'll ask that man.Excuse me,sir.Could you tell me the time,please?
Stranger:Sure.It's one o'clock sharp.
Wang Hai:Thank you,sir.
Stranger:You're welcome.
Wang Hai:Hurry up,John.It's one o'clock now .
John:OK,let's go,or we'll miss the train.
E
Mother:Sam ,Sam ,get up.It's time for breakfast.
Sam :Oh,w hat's the time now ,Mum ?
Mother:It's nearly eight.
Sam:Oh,I'm late.I must leave for school now.
Mother:What day of the w eek is it?
Sam:It's...it's Tuesday.
Mother:What's the date?
Sam:It's,er,May 1st.Oh,it's May Day.How forgetful I am!I needn't go to school today.
Mother:Wash and brush your teeth quickly.We're all waiting for you at the breakfast table.
Sam :OK,Mum.
III.New Words and Phrases(生词和词组)
calendar /



wind /waind/v.上紧(发条)
by your watch根据/按你的表
have it repaired请人修理
sharp/p/adv.(指时刻)正
IV.Notes(注释)
①掌握时间和日期说法的关键,是记住那几个固定句型。询问“今天星期几?”就须记住:What day is(it)today?/What day of the week is it today?在这里,what不能换成which,what day应作为一个整体,不能分开。
②It's Tuesday(today).也可说成Today is Tuesday.应当知道以下常识:Sunday is the first day of the week.Saturday is the last day of the week.另外,星期的名称应重点掌握,特别是Wednesday一词容易拼写错。
③you see常用作插入语(即不作句子的任何成分,只是对句子作一些附加的解释),意为“你瞧;你知道;要知道”。又如:There,you see,the rain's stopped.瞧,雨停了。It's a serious problem ,you see.要知道,这是个很严肃的问题。
④询问“现在几点了?”,须记住使用以下固定句型:What's the time now?/What time is it?/What time do you have?几点了?Could you tell/give me the time?你能告诉我现在的时间吗?Have you got the time,please?你知道现在的时间吗?What's the time by your watch?你的表几点了?
⑤别人询问时间,应以“It+时间.”作答,此处it表示时间。应注意中、英文时间表达的差异,及英语时间表达的规律:可以按汉语习惯,说完点钟,再说分钟;也可以借用介词past或to,其结构为分钟在前,点钟在后。过了一至三十分钟,用past表示“过”。刚过一刻钟,用 a quarter;刚过三十分钟,用half。过了三十一至五十九分钟,则用to,表示“差几分到几点。”
⑥询问日期须记住固定句型:What's the date today?/What date is it today?/What's today's date?意为“今天是几月几日?”
⑦在英语表达中,同时提及周日与日期时应先说星期几,后说几月几日。另外应注意,英语与汉语在年、月、日的说法上顺序不同,英语中一般先说月,再说日,最后说年,也可按日、月、年的顺序说。例如:December 20th,2000应读作December the twentieth,two thou- sand,也可写成20December,2000,读作the twentieth of December, two thousand。
⑧在in 5days'time中,days后上方的“'”不能省略。也不能写成 after 5days,因为after短语常用于过去时。
⑨There's something wrong with it.意为“我的表出毛病了。”同义表达还有:Something is wrong with my watch./My watch doesn't work./M y watch is out of order.请注意:表示“出毛病”时,wrong总是与介词with搭配使用。
⑩have sth.done意为“请别人做某事”,此处的have应理解为“使;让”。又如:My hair is too long,I'll have it cut this afternoon.(句中的cut是过去分词形式。)我的头发太长了,今天下午我要请人理发。
瑏瑡向陌生人询问时间,所用的语言要更礼貌、更正规些。你瞧, Wang Hai既用了Excuse me,也用了Could,很有礼貌。
12.在英语中,要说“到该做某事的时候了。”可用句型It's time +n./It's time to+v.(原形)。又如:It's time for supper /to have supper.该吃晚饭了。要说“到某人做某事的时候了。”应用句型It's time for sb.to do sth.。例如:It's time for M r Brown /him to go to work.到布朗先生/他上班的时候了。
13.请注意,有the无the,意思大不相同:at the breakfast table意为“在早餐桌旁”,而at breakfast table意为“在吃早餐”。例如:They never talk at table.他们吃饭时从不说话。同样,be in the hospital生病住院, be in the hospital在医院里(工作、玩耍等);be at school在上学(念书),be at the school在那所学校(不是念书)。